The Xia Dynasty (about 2146 BC - 1675 BC) began with Yu and ended with Jie, a total of 17 emperors. In the summer, private ownership began to appear, and the abdication system of clan society came to an end and was replaced by hereditary system. Society evolved from primitive society to slavery society. The surname Si of the Xia Dynasty. At the end of the Xia Dynasty, the king of Xia failed to carry out the internal administration, suffered from constant foreign invasion, and the class contradictions became more and more acute. Shang Tang saw that the time was ripe to attack Jie, so he called on "destiny" and asked everyone to fight hard to carry out God's will. The battle of mingtiao lasted for 29 years. In ancient books, the monarch of Xia Dynasty is called Hou, Xia Hou, Xia Hou's surname, or emperor. From Qi to Jie fan, there were thirteen dynasties and sixteen biographies, which lasted for five hundred years (472 years). For example, the beginning of the Xia Dynasty started from Yu, and from Yu to Lu GUI (Jie), there were fourteen dynasties and seventeen kings, which lasted more than 500 years.
1. Yu
2. Enlightenment
3. Taikang
4. Zhongkang
5. Phase
6. Shaokang
7. Bamboo
8. Sophora japonica
9. Miscanthus (barren)
10. Catharsis
11. Not falling
12. Jian (bureau, Yu)
13. Yin Jia
14. Kong Jia
15. Gao (Wu, Gao Gou)
16. FA (Fa Hui)
17. Lu GUI (Jie)
Yu (Wenming, 2070-2061 BC)
Ten years in office. Surnamed Si, named Wenming, son of he. He is the great grandson of the Yellow Emperor. Because of the great achievements in water control, he was honored as "Dayu". His father was killed because he failed to control the water. Yu took over the work of controlling the water and adopted the method of dredging. After 13 years of hard work, he finally succeeded. Shun became emperor after him. It is called Xiahou, so it is called Xiayu. He held a meeting with the vassals in Tushan and established the rudiment of slavery. Yu forged nine tripods, which symbolized Kyushu. Yu died in the 45th year of his reign and was buried in Kuaiji mountain.
Siqi (2057-2019 BC)
He was in office for 39 years. Dayu's son, after his death, Qi ascended the throne as the son of heaven. After he ascended the throne, he defeated Youhu's resistance, consolidated the regime, and established the first slavery state in China.
Taikang (2018-1990)
He served for 29 years. Taikang, the son of Xia Qi, is king after Qi. He lived a wild life and relaxed government. When he went hunting, Hou Yi, the leader of the poor family, took the opportunity to invade and became the leader himself, which was known as "Taikang lost his country".
Zhongkang (1989-1977 BC)
He was in office for 13 years. Zhongkang, Taikang's brother. After he ascended the throne, he was unable to recover the world of Xia.
(1976-1949 BC)
He served for 28 years. Si Xiang, the son of Zhong Kang. 28 years after he ascended the throne, hanzhuo attacked him and killed his prime minister. In the following 40 years, Hou Yi and others usurped power.
Hou Yi
You Qiong is a tyrant and a fatuous king. He and Han Zhuo, who killed him, were the few usurpers who changed their surnames and did not change their dynasties. At that time, Taikang, the son of Xia Houqi, was banished by Hou Yi because he was engaged in recreation and hunting and ignored political affairs. After the death of Taikang, Hou Yi established Zhongkang, the younger brother of Taikang, as the king of Xia. However, Houyi only hunted everywhere, and later he was killed by Han Zhuo.
Hanzhuo
The surname is Han (also known as Han), and the single name is Zhuo, also known as Yi. Hanzhuo was born in the seventh year of Zhongkang (Gengshen, 2041 BC). He is a disloyal, unfilial and unrighteous man. He not only killed his own master, but also killed his adoptive father Hou Yi, and captured half of the poor countries. Later, he continued to engage in militarism and set up his army to exterminate the Xia Dynasty, which lasted for 40 years. But later, in 1962 BC, the Si Shaokang restoration army conquered the two feudal states of hanzhuo and recovered most of the Central Plains. Then he marched to attack hanzhuo's old nest and searched for the capital. At this time, hanzhuo was nearly 80 years old, unable to fight, so he had to hide in the deep palace to survive. When his subordinates saw that the situation was over, they suddenly rebelled when the Xia army was besieging the city. They pulled hanzhuo out of the blanket of his concubine naked, opened the city gate and presented him to Si Shaokang. Si Shaokang ordered him to be executed to death, and at the same time, he ordered the Han Zhuo people to be killed.
Shaokang (1908-1888 BC)
He has been in power for 21 years. Shaokang, the posthumous son of the prime minister. Si Shaokang finally overthrew the Youqiong regime, which had been in charge of Xia for more than 40 years. Si Shaokang was not only a successful king, but also a respected emperor.
Zhu (1887-1871 BC)
He was in office for 17 years. Zhu, Shaokang's son. He once took part in the war led by his father to restore Xia state, and made many achievements. He invented armour and spear, and conquered Dongyi and won.
Huai (1870-1845 BC)
He served for 26 years. Huai, the son of Zhu. During his reign, social economy developed.
Mang (1844-1787 BC)
He was in office for 58 years. Mang, the son of Huai. When he was in power, he began to sacrifice for thousands of years.
Catharsis (1786-1765 BC)
He served for 22 years. Xie, the son of Mang, was officially granted the titles of Dukes of the nine Yi tribes during his reign.
Not falling (1764-1746 BC)
He served for 19 years. No, my son. After 19 years in office, he abdicated to his brother.
Jian (1745-1725 BC)
He has been in power for 21 years. Ji, my brother.
(1724-1705 BC)
For 20 years. Li, Li's son. When he was in power, Xia began to decline.
Kong Jia (1704-1674 BC)
He has been in office for 31 years. Kong Jia, the son of no surrender. Sima Qian said that "emperor Kong Jiali is good at dealing with ghosts and immortals, and he is promiscuous". It can be seen that Kong Jia is a tyrannical and fatuous king who does wrong.
Gao (1673-1671 BC)
He was in office for three years. Gao, the son of Kong Jia.
(1670-1652 BC)
He served for 19 years. FA, Gao's son. When he was in power, the princes of all sides had no longer come to celebrate, and the state of Xia declined further.
Jie (silugui, 1651-1600 BC)
He has been in power for 52 years. Jie, the son of FA. He is a famous tyrant in history. Extravagance and lust, tyranny and bloodthirsty, were finally destroyed by Shangtang, ending the nearly 500 years of Xia Dynasty. Also known as GUI, Lu GUI, Shang Tang gave him the posthumous title Jie (fierce meaning). Jie was the son of the 16th generation monarch FA of Xia Dynasty, who reigned for 52 years. Lu GUI is good at both literature and martial arts. He can straighten the hook with his bare hands, but he is immoral and abusive. The year of birth and death is unknown. He became a famous tyrant in history. During his 52 years in office, his country died, he was exiled and starved to death.
When the Xia Dynasty was in power, the princes of all sides did not come to celebrate. The king of Xia had no internal politics, foreign invasion and class conflicts. Xia state declined further. By the time of Jie, the Xia Dynasty, which lasted for more than 400 years, had a declining morality and government, and the people were in dire straits. But Xia Jie didn't want to reform, and he was arrogant and extravagant. According to the Bamboo Annals, he "built Qing palace, decorated Yaotai, made qiongshi and established Yumen.". He also searched for beautiful women from all over the country and hid them in the harem. He drank and had fun day and night with Yu Xi and his maids. It is said that the wine pool is so big that it can sail a boat. Drunkenness and drowning often happen. Nonsense often makes my sister laugh. The people's life is very difficult, their annual harvest is hard to eat and eat, and they have no food for the year. Every time they encounter natural disasters, their wives and children are separated. The subjects of the Xia Dynasty pointed to the sun and cursed Xia Jie, saying: "when the sun dies, you will die together.". That is to say, when you will perish, I will perish with you. At the same time, the princes of the four sides also betrayed, and the Xia Dynasty faced the situation of internal and external difficulties.
In the 33rd year after he ascended the throne, he sent troops to the Shi family, who couldn't resist it. He paid tribute to a beautiful woman named Zhen Xi. Jie doted on her very much, and specially built her magnificent qiongshi, xianglang, Yaotai and yubed. All these burdens fell on the common people. The people were in great pain and dared not speak out. Jie attached great importance to courtiers and rejected loyal and good people. There was a villain named Zhao Liang who devoted himself to Jie's favor. He taught him how to enjoy himself, how to extort money, and how to harm the people. He got Jie's favor.
In the 37th year after Jie ascended the throne, Tang, the leader of the eastern Shang tribe, introduced Yi Yin, a sage with both ability and political integrity, to Jie. Yi Yin tried to persuade Jie with the benevolent policies of Tang Yao and Yu Shun, hoping that Jie would understand the sufferings of the common people and govern the world with his heart. Jie can't listen, Yi Yin has to leave. In his later years, Jie became more licentious. He ordered a large pool, called night palace, to be built. He took a large group of men and women to live in the pool and did not go to court for a month. The Grand Historian made Zhonggu cry and admonish him. On the contrary, Jie was very impatient and accused him of meddling in his own business. Knowing that xiajie was hopeless, Zhonggu went to Shangtang. One of Xia Jie's ministers, Guan longfu, heard Lao Baixing's angry voice and admonished him: "the emperor is modest and faithful, thrifty and cherishes the talents. Only in this way can the world be stable and the Dynasty be stable. Now your majesty is extravagant and bloodthirsty, which makes the people expect you to perish earlier. Your majesty has lost the will of the people. Only if you correct your mistakes quickly can you restore the will of the people. " Jie heard and scolded Guan longfu, and finally ordered him to be killed.
Xia Jie thought that his rule would never perish. He said: "there is a sun in the sky, just as I have people, will the sun perish? When the sun dies, I die. "He also called a meeting of the heads of his ministries to prepare for the war against other tribes. Jie lost his heart day by day and made all the people rebel.
At this time, the Shang tribe flourished under the leadership of Tang. Worried that Shangtang would endanger him, Jie imprisoned him in xiatai (now Yu County, Henan Province). Soon, Tang designed Jie to release himself.
Later, under the plan of famous Prime Minister Yiyin, Shang Tang set up troops to attack Jie. Tang first attacked Wei and Gu, the party members of Jie, defeated Kunwu, and then went straight to mingtiao (now Anyi town in the northeast of Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province). Jie got the news and led the soldiers to mingtiao. When the two armies were at war, the soldiers of Xia army were unwilling to work for Jie, so they took the opportunity to flee one after another. Xia Jie couldn't stop him, so he had to flee into the city. After the Shang army chased him, Jie rushed to Nanchao (now Chaoxian County, Anhui Province) by crossing the river with Jianxi and Zhenbao. Later, he was caught by Cheng Tang and exiled here. The 500 year long Xia Dynasty ended.
