To sort out Confucius' dissatisfaction with Zilu, there are several typical points.
use lame arguments and perverted logic. Zilu asked a student named Ziyang to be the chief executive of Feidi. Perhaps because Ziyang was young and his studies were not finished, Confucius said that Zilu was wrong for his children. Zilu said, there are people and countries over there. Why do we have to study in books to be considered as learning? Confucius said: so I hate people who are unreasonable ("old evil men and sycophants"). This sentence is said in front of Zilu. The "sycophant" who was "evil" by him is Zilu.
Lack of education. Zilu asked Confucius, what do you want to do first when you want to govern the country. Confucius said that it was "rectifying the name". Zilu said that Confucius was too circuitous, so Confucius said: "wild! You also! A gentleman who doesn't know it can build a que." Then he said that if the name is not correct, the speech will not be smooth. "Yeya" is rude and ill bred. This is also a face-to-face accusation of Zilu. According to Confucius, if you don't understand it, you might as well have doubts. Who let you talk freely?
Not good at school. The so-called "from also ascended to the hall, not into the room also.". I suspect that this idiom comes from this, but Zilu's studies have not yet been "entered" although he has "ascended" to the school. This was said to other disciples behind Zilu's back. The reason had nothing to do with his academic level. It was Zilu's playing piano at his door that caused his dissatisfaction. The so-called "let serxi be the gate of the hill?" his emotion also made other disciples disrespect Zilu.
Confucius also praised Zilu, the so-called "road is not good, ride the boat floating in the sea.". This makes Zilu, who is used to criticism, happy to hear. However, Confucius immediately poured cold water on him, saying that you Zilu had no advantages except that you were just braver than me. Confucius talked about Zilu's courage and determination many times, but he also criticized him. Zilu once asked him, if you lead the army to fight, who will you take? Confucius said, "if you are fierce, I will not fight with you." The so-called "fierce tiger Fenghe, who died without regret" refers to Zilu. He even said, "if you can, you can't die."
Some people may say that Confucius loved Zilu deeply and took responsibility for him. However, Confucius never criticized Yan Hui. It can't be said that he didn't love Yan Hui at all. In his old people's eyes, Yan Hui's whole body is bright, and almost every pore is an advantage, so the more he looks, the more lovely he is; Zilu has many faults. When Yan Hui died of illness, Confucius couldn't bear to live. Zilu "died with a tassel", which is more heroic than Yan Hui. His heroic deeds can shine through the ages. Did Confucius ever shout "Heaven mourns for you"? Moreover, if it is really "deep love", it's not suitable to express his dissatisfaction with Zilu everywhere, let alone use such words as "it's an old evil man who flatters you" and "it's impossible to die". Among Confucius' students, Zilu is older, 20 years older than Yan Hui, and can be regarded as an elder. This factor should also be taken into account when Confucius criticized and criticized Zilu. "Three thousand disciples, seventy-two sages" is what later generations say. Although Zilu has always followed Confucius, in Confucius' eyes, Zilu may not be a good student. Can Zilu be a good student who is unreasonable, lack of education and poor in his studies?
If you think about it, there's a reason. Among the disciples of Confucius, Zilu has an obvious characteristic that he is not superstitious to anyone, including his teacher Confucius. For example, when Zilu asked how to become a gentleman, he was not satisfied with Confucius' answer. He asked "is this enough" several times; Zilu also dared to put forward different opinions from Confucius. When he asked Ziyang to be a "feizai", he said to Confucius that he hated Confucius, emphasizing learning in social practice. Although he had different views from Confucius, it might not be unreasonable; "When Zi saw Nanzi", only Zilu dared to express his displeasure so clearly that Confucius swore repeatedly that "to those who are not, heaven is tired of it! Heaven is tired of it!" that is, "four bodies are not diligent, five grains are not divided, who is the master" and "knowing that they can't do it" and other folk criticisms against Confucius, which Zilu also passed on to Confucius without scruple, and he wanted him to accept The teacher of "listen to both sides and be clear". After reading the Analects of Confucius, I think that among the 72 sages, Zilu is the only one who can do so.
As a great educator in ancient China, Confucius has many praiseworthy things, such as his education without discrimination, his teaching according to people, his teaching and learning with each other, and the heuristic education of guiding students to draw inferences from one instance, which is still worthy of our reference and inheritance. However, I think his standard of good students reflected in Zilu is quite biased. Moreover, don't think Confucius can really be happy if he hears it. In him, there may not be no human weakness. The reason why he doesn't like Zilu is also in this respect. What Yan Hui said to him was not sincere. Therefore, when he said that Yan Hui didn't help him, he was pleased. It can be seen that this is also a question of educational philosophy, and perhaps also related to the measurement of educators.
Today's teacher, in the dead of night, you might as well do a self-test: in your mind, Zilu is not a good student?
