Qin has always taken expanding territory and annexing princes as its established national policy, so Zhao has become a stumbling block on Qin's way forward. After decades of fierce fighting, Qin has defeated Chu, which claims to occupy the largest area of land, so the spearhead of Qin must be aimed at Zhao, and the war between Qin and Zhao is inevitable. Professor Wang Liqun has also pointed out this point.
But the problem is that although Mencius clamored that there was no righteous war in the spring and Autumn period, the initiator of the war would find an excuse for starting his own war since ancient times. Even if it was a Blitzkrieg like Nazi Germany, he would give the other side a letter of war at the same time of starting the Blitzkrieg. So although the state of Qin was ready to fight with Zhao, it was always looking for a proper excuse.
At this time, the Shangdang incident broke out.
The outbreak of the Shangdang incident made the government and the opposition of the state of Zhao fall into a quarrel. Pingyuan Jun insisted on accepting the Shangdang, and Zhao Xiaocheng supported Pingyuan Jun's suggestion in his heart, so the policy of accepting the Shangdang was so decided. After hearing about it, the state of Qin took it as a pretext to invade the state of Zhao. The two sides fought fiercely in Changping. At last, the state of Zhao was defeated and lost 400000 troops.
Therefore, in his biography, Sima Qian criticizes Pingyuan Jun's heresy of being greedy for Feng Ting.
But in fact, I don't think it's wrong for Mr. Pingyuan to accept the Shangdang.
At that time, in order to invade China, the Japanese imperialists repeatedly made excuses and provoked incidents. From the "September 18 Incident" to the "North China Crisis", from the "July 7 Incident" to the "August 13 incident", in order to find a reason for their war, the Japanese army had been making incidents and then provoking war. It's useless to retreat blindly to deal with this kind of act of being a whore and erecting a memorial archway. The best measure is to give him a slap in the head and let him know what his last name is.
The war between Qin and Zhao is just like this. It is an established policy for Qin to march into Zhao, just to find a proper excuse all the time. It was precisely because he saw this clearly that Pingyuan advocated accepting the Shangdang, so that he could not only expand his strength before the war started, but also transfer the battlefield to the border between Han and Zhao, so as to prevent the army of Qin from directly entering the territory of Zhao after dealing with South Korea. When the Soviet Union learned that Germany had invaded Poland, it immediately divided Poland with Germany. That's why.
But although Pingyuan Jun thought of these, he did not see another problem, that is, the talent problem and the economic problem of Zhao.
We know that war, to a large extent, is a war in which both sides are throwing money. Whoever has more money has a greater chance of winning. In particular, the war fell into a stalemate, and the economy became the key to the victory of the war.
In the economic aspect of Qin and Zhao, Zhao obviously suffered a great loss, because Zhao Wuling's political reform mainly focused on military reform, and Zhao was still far behind economically. Therefore, once the war falls into a stalemate, the situation will be very disadvantageous to Zhao.
In this case, some people may say, since Zhao's economic strength is not enough, why not find a way to make a quick decision?
Of course, Zhao thought that it was a pity that Zhao she, the talented person in this field, had already died. We can see the outstanding military talent of Zhao she (I don't know why he was not selected into the four generals of the Warring States period). At this time in the state of Zhao, the most qualified and famous is Lianpo. Unfortunately, Lianpo is not a genius like Zhao she.
As a result, Lian Po, a veteran and staunch man, took office. After the initial battle against the Qin army, he was unable to go out. In this way, although Lianpo felt that for a long time, he should be able to force the Qin army to retreat, but he ignored one problem: first, even if the Qin army withdrew, the outcome of the war would be the same; Second, and most importantly, once it falls into a stalemate, Zhao's economy will certainly not be able to supply. If it goes on like this, I'm afraid Changping has not lost. Zhao's company has gone bankrupt first.
So it's a matter of course for Zhao Xiaocheng to change generals. Zhao Kuo's taking office is a tragedy, but it's also a tragedy destined to happen!
Therefore, the battle of Changping ended with the tragic defeat of the state of Zhao.
So Pingyuan Jun's years of wisdom were destroyed, and Sima Qian pointed his nose and scolded him for being greedy.
But whether the Changping fiasco should be completely in the charge of Pingyuan Jun or not, I think I wrote so much, and everyone should have a number in mind.
