The developed farming agriculture is the main economic sector. At that time, people used large polished stone knives and axes to cultivate farmland. They also widened and extended the flattened stone pith, drilled holes with wooden handles, and used it as the main turning tool. In addition, there are also improved bone and double teeth wood Lei.
In the later period of Longshan culture, the triangular stone plow with human pulling appeared again. All kinds of stone hoes, clam hoes and other ploughing tools were unearthed in different places. These are the farming tools for weeding, which shows that the field management has been strengthened. In the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, there are traces of water conservancy irrigation, which is the characteristic of rice cultivation, indicating that the technology of water conservancy and fertilization has been preliminarily mastered. On the basis of the existing half moon shaped stone knife and clam knife, the stone knife is continuously lengthened and the perforation is increasing.
Rice cultivation is more common in the south. Today, rice or the remains of rice are found in many places in the southern provinces.
On the basis of agricultural development, livestock breeding has also made remarkable progress. Besides pigs, dogs, cattle and sheep, there were also horses and chickens. Later, the so-called "six livestock" were complete at that time.
Fishing, hunting and gathering still occupy a certain position in economic life. At the Longshan cultural site in the north, various kinds of arrowheads, net pendants and animal skeletons such as deer, musk deer, fox, tiger and fish were found. Fishing and hunting is still an important production activity.
