Shang Tang destroys summer
Before Shang Tang destroyed Xia Dynasty and the establishment of Shang Dynasty, Shang tribe was a tribe dominated by animal husbandry, which multiplied in the lower reaches of the Yellow River. When the Shang Dynasty established its rule, it established its capital in Xibo (Luoyang, Henan). Later, it moved its capital to Yin (now Xiaotun village, Anyang, Henan Province) in the time of Pangeng. Therefore, the Shang Dynasty has always been called Yin Shang, and its sphere of influence greatly exceeded that of Xia Dynasty. Archaeologists have found a large number of Oracle Bone Inscriptions from Xiaotun village in Anyang, which shows that the characters of yin and Shang dynasties have been widely used and developed relatively mature; the structure of Chinese characters has been basically formed in oracle bone inscriptions. Through the study of oracle bone inscriptions, we have a more detailed and reliable understanding of the Shang Dynasty.
In Shang Dynasty, the records of astronomical phenomena and the use of Ganzhi time recording method were reflected in oracle bone inscriptions. In Shang Dynasty, agriculture, animal husbandry and breeding developed rapidly, especially handicraft industry. The smelting and manufacturing of bronze ware were quite mature, and all kinds of commonly used utensils, ritual vessels and wine vessels were very exquisite. The famous Simuwu square tripod, weighing 875 kg, is one of the outstanding representatives.
In about 1600 BC, Tang's army defeated Xia Jie's army. At this time, the Xia Dynasty perished and Tang established the Shang Dynasty. Tang, also known as Cheng Tang or Cheng Tang, is called Da Yi in oracle bone inscriptions. After a long period of development, the Shang people gradually grew up. When Tang Dynasty came, they moved to Hao (now Puyang, Henan Province) to prepare for the summer. Cheng Tang joined forces with other countries and tribes to fight against Xia Jie around 1600 BC. Before departure, Tang made an oath, which is the Tang oath preserved in the book of history today. In the face of Tang's attack, Xia Jie was unprepared and fled without fighting. He was imprisoned in Nanchao and died. Xia Mie died. Shang Tang ascended the throne of emperor with the support of 3000 princes. It announced the establishment of the Shang Dynasty. Shang Tang learned the lesson of Xia Jie, set an example, diligent and loving the people, and was welcomed by the princes all over the world. The establishment of Shang Dynasty greatly promoted the development of productive forces, made the progress of ancient civilization get a turning point, and made China one of the ancient civilizations.
