In 208 BC, Zhao Gao killed Li Si and became Prime Minister of Qin Dynasty. In the same year, Zhang Han defeated the rebel army led by Chen Sheng. But the peasant uprising in the late Qin Dynasty was not put out. Xiang Liang and others in the South supported Xiong Xin, the descendants of the Chu royal family, as their allies, still took the king of Chu Huai as the name, and continued to fight against Qin by the various princes.
After the Daze Township uprising, Yintong, the county guard of Huiji, found Xiangliang and said: "now the Central Plains is in chaos, which is obviously that heaven is going to destroy the Qin Dynasty. "First hand is strong, then the next hand is suffering". I intend to start fighting against Qin here. I hope you and Huan Chu can lead the army to March
Xiangliang said: "Huan Chu is escaping because of his crime. Except that I have no one to know where he is, please allow me to call Xiangyu and ask him to go to Huanchu." So, Xiang Liang went out to discuss with Xiangyu. In a short time, two of his nephew came in. After entering, Xiang Liang made an eye on Xiangyu, and then drank: "do it." Xiangyu took up the knife and killed Yan Tong cleanly. Xiang Liang, wearing the letter of the prefectural guard, killed all the people who resisted in the prefecture. Then he called in the local powerful and official officials to declare that he had launched the army against Qin, and many people joined his team. In this way, Xiangliang took 8000 children from Jiangdong and embarked on the anti Qin journey.
At the end of 209 BC, Chen Sheng was defeated and died. But at this time, the Xiangliang force of Jiangdong has developed to more than 20000 people. Because of his bravery and good war, many people come to return to the country. After crossing the Huaihe River, Xiangliang army joined the two major peasant forces, general yingbu and general PU. The team developed to more than 70000 people at once. Soon, Xiangliang defeated Qin Jia in Pengcheng and collected its troops, and its strength was further strengthened, becoming the biggest anti Qin force after Chen Sheng.
When he learned that Chen Sheng was defeated and Zhang Han took advantage of the situation to counter attack, Xiang Liang realized the serious situation facing the rebel army. At this time, the anti Qin forces of large and small are all over the country, but the insurgents in all directions fight independently and do not belong to each other. They are easily broken by the Qin army led by Zhang Han and Wang Li. Under Chen Sheng's call, Qi, Chu, Yan, Han, Zhao and Wei were once again standing on the Chinese land. Most of them were new regimes established by the old aristocratic forces of the six countries, and some military groups with more strength except Xiangyu.
Facing the severe situation, Xiang Liang decided to convene all the princes to Xuecheng to discuss the establishment of anti Qin alliance with his outstanding achievements, strong strength and the status of the aristocratic descendants of Chu state. Soon, the Xuecheng meeting was officially held. With absolute strength and lofty prestige, Xiang Liang became the recognized leader of all the volunteers. But fan Zeng suggested that Xiangliang should support the co owner in the name of releasing the cow and baby bear heart, so as to reduce the pressure and unite the volunteers more conveniently. Xiangliang agreed to fan Zeng's plan, but in fact, Xiong Xin is only a puppet, and all the powers are firmly in the hands of Xiangliang.
The Xuecheng conference is of great significance. It has combined the scattered anti Qin forces in various regions, changed the adverse situation faced by the rebel forces strategically, and greatly improved the survival and combat capabilities of the rebel forces on all sides. More importantly, the meeting established the decision of all the volunteers to attack Zhang Han together, which laid the foundation for the later battle of the giant deer.
In July, 208 BC, Xiang Liang led the army to break Jining, Shandong Province. But at the same time, the Qin army led by Zhang Han also hit Shandong all the way, and was besieging Tianrong's department. Tian Rong, in a hurry to Xiangliang, rushed to Xiangliang, all the way to March, long-distance attack, and Tian Rong should be outside, the defeat Chapter Han in the East a city. Zhang Han cleared up the disabled soldiers and took the way to the West. Xiangyu and Liu Bang of Xiangliang school are closely following each other. They meet again in Heze area of Shandong Province. Zhang Han defeated in the war and continued to flee to the west, and all the way to Puyang. Soon, commander Xiang Liang entered Puyang, Zhang Han went out of the city to fight. The two armies met in the east of Puyang, and they fought very fiercely. Finally, the Qin army lost. Zhang Han fled back to Puyang City and couldn't stick to it.
In this way, in three months, Xiang Liang defeated Zhang Han three times, and the morale of the Qin army was greatly hit. At the same time, he consolidated his position as leader of the volunteer army through successive victories and determined to defeat the Qin army.
After a short period of rest, Xiangliang launched an attack on Puyang again, but Zhang Han couldn't hold on to it. Xiangliang was unable to break Puyang City, so he decided to give up Puyang temporarily and attack the pottery first. Meanwhile, Xiangyu and Liu Bang continued to cooperate, defeated Qin army in yongqiu, Henan Province, killing Li Yu, prefecture guard of Sanchuan, and achieved great victory.
At this time, the continuous battle of the item Liang gradually produced pride and contempt of the enemy mood, began to relax the guard. But the situation at this time is not optimistic because although the rebel army has won many victories, a large number of living forces of the Qin army are still in place, especially the northern frontier defense army led by Wangli, who is trained by Mengtian, who is very sharp and has not suffered a little loss at this time. Therefore, Song Yi said to Xiangliang, "today, the soldiers are less lazy, Qin soldiers are increasingly, and the officials are afraid of the monarch." But Xiangliang, who was overwhelmed by victory, did not follow the advice of Song Yi and continued to enjoy the victory in Dingtao, a small town.
In September 207 BC, Qin II secretly increased the troops for Zhang Han. After careful planning, Zhang Han, a strong army, decided to attack Xiangliang's pottery to repay his revenge for defeat. After relaxing vigilance, Xiang Liang knew nothing about the Qin army, and the pottery was still careless in prevention. The Qin army, which was well preserved, attacked Dingtao in the rainy night, and the rebel army suffered great losses and Xiangliang was killed.
But history and Zhang Han made a big joke. When he defeated Xiangliang, he made the same mistake as Xiangliang and began to be proud and despised the enemy. Zhang Han believes that the residual strength of Xiangyu and Liu Bang is not enough to fear, and it is impossible to pose a big threat to the Qin army. Therefore, he did not take the opportunity to expand the war and eliminate Xiangyu and Liu Bang, but decided to attack Zhao, which had a stronger military force in the north.
Zhang Han's mistake decided to win a respite for Xiangyu and Liu Bang. They quickly contracted their front and rearranged their defense formation in Pengcheng. But Zhang Han didn't come because he was north.
Zhang Han made a great progress all the way and quickly attacked the territory of Zhao. Zhao Wang Xie was defeated by the army. Zhang Han beat Zhang Han and fled to the deer with Zhang Er. Meanwhile, Chen Yu also collected tens of thousands of troops and horses. He relied on the terrain to build bases to the north of the deer and confronted the Qin army.
But soon the situation became extremely bad, because Wang Li led the border guard forces also arrived at the giant deer, tens of times the force of Zhao army, surrounded the deer. Zhao Wang Xie, while struggling to stick to it, sent an emissary to ask for help from King Huai of Chu.
But at this time, King Chu Huai was not the pure cow - releasing baby, he had ambition. He did not want Xiangyu's power to grow too much, and wanted to balance among various forces to maintain his position. Therefore, when he received Zhao Jun's request for help, he did not appoint Xiangyu as the commander-in-chief, but let Song Yi, who was not good at military affairs, take full responsibility for the matter, only gave Xiangyu a title without real power, and made him and fan Zeng deputy to Song Yi and rescued Zhao in the north. This dim decision-making not only brought the disaster of killing the Song Dynasty, but also buried the root cause for Xiangyu's assassination of King Chu Huai.
Song Yi led 60000 troops north, and when he arrived in Anyang, he even ordered a rest despite the continuous demands of Zhao state, which was 46 days. Xiangyu suggested that he send troops many times. He was just as motionless as he could. He also said to Xiangyu, "the husband is strong and persistent, and righteousness is not as good as justice. He is not as good as justice, and he is not as good as justice in sitting and delivering policies." Song Yi thought he was strategizing, and said to Xiangyu that it was a battle between two tigers. They could only wait for profit.
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But the fact is that Qin army is tiger, Zhao Jun is like a bereaved dog now. If there is no reinforcements, it will be torn up by Qin army soon. At that time, the Qin army will be in a very passive situation with the strength of winning division and the advantages of quantity and equipment. Xiang Yu saw this, and then, at random, together with several relatives, assassinated Song Yi. After that, he declared the crime of Song Yi to the whole army and obtained the highest command of the army. King Huai of Chu, forced by the strength of Xiangyu, and the fact that he had become a boat, recognized Xiangyu's behavior. He named Xiangyu as the general, and gave full command to the operation, and ordered the two armies of yingbu and Pu to be under their command.
Xiangyu immediately went north, and went to the battlefield at night and stars. At this time, Zhao Jun has been dead and wounded, and there is no grain and grass left. Yan army and Qi army who came to reinforce the army are on the wall, and dare not fight with Qin army. Xiangyu immediately deployed, sent General yingbu and general Pu to lead his own people and horses to cross Zhanghe quietly, and cut off the grain and grass supply of Wang Li army through the raid. Wang Li army was in a state of grain shortage, and the combat effectiveness was greatly reduced, and the pressure of Zhao Jun was effectively relieved.
Later, Xiangyu led the main force across the Zhanghe River, ordered the soldiers to dig down the ship, smash the cookware, each carrying only three days of dry food, and died. This is the story of breaking the boat. It is the same as the essence of "fighting against the water", which all use the principle of "to kill and survive" in the military.
Indeed, after crossing the river, all the soldiers of Chu army took one in ten and fought bravely to advance. Xiangyu attacked the grain-stricken King Li one, and the nine battles and nine wins, and the king's departing department was completely defeated and the vital forces were destroyed. Later, Xiangyu fought with Zhang Han. But at this time, Qi Yan and other reinforcements were still on the wall, and they were afraid to fight. They learned that emperor Zhang hancang had fled and the war situation was scheduled. All the troops came out, sharing the victory results with Chu army just like cleaning the battlefield. Finally, the Qin army suffered a heavy loss. Wang Li was captured, and Su Jiao was killed, and the involved parties burned themselves. In this way, the frontier defense brigade trained by Mengtian and the new elite of Qin army led by Zhang Han were buried by Xiangyu under the city of giant deer. Since then, the military superiority of Qin State has been completely lost, and only the last dying struggle can be made.
In this campaign, Xiangyu showed a superb command art, with less than many, weak to strong, and courage to break the boat, leaving a strong and colorful pen in the history of Chinese war. After that, Xiangyu's overlord was named as the powerful Jiuzhou, becoming the supreme commander in fact of all the volunteers. No one dared not dare to obey the command of Xiangyu.
As mentioned above, after the defeat of Zhang Han, Qin II was angry and blamed Zhang Han. Simaxin was ineffective in his search for help, but almost was framed by Zhao Gao. When he came back, he advised Zhang Han to make plans early. When Zhang Han was hesitant between surrender and retreat, general Pu of Xiangyu sent the army to take three Hujin in the power of thunder and thunder, and cut off the return of Qin army. Xiangyu then personally led the coalition to attack again, and the Qin army was defeated in a continuous battle. At this time, Zhang Han had insufficient grain and grass in his hand, and had no victory in the war. He died when he retired. After several negotiations, he surrendered Xiangyu to 200000 Qin troops.
So far, the military power of Qin was completely destroyed. Xiangyu went along the Yellow River to Xianyang, and he was not resistant to it. However, when he arrived at Xianyang, Liu Bang had been stationed in Guanzhong for two months.
Originally, while Xiangyu rescued Zhao in the north, the king of Chu Huai also sent Liu Bang to march from Wuguan to Xianyang. Although Liu Bang only led a team of less than 10000 people, the main force of Qin army was attracted to the deer. Therefore, Liu Bang made a smooth progress all the way, and he did not meet strong resistance, but instead, he took in a lot of troops and the team grew rapidly. After Wancheng surrendered, Liu Bang broke the martial arts pass smoothly and opened the South Gate of Xianyang.
When Xiangyu and Liu Bang army approached Xianyang, Xianyang was in a state of internal chaos. Zhao Gao slandered Li Si and killed Qin II, and then the prince of Qin removed Zhao Gao. The political situation of Qin state was turbulent, which seriously affected the deployment and operation of Qin army. When Ziying removed Zhao Gao and the political situation was stable, he had few soldiers available in his hands. But he still made the final struggle, sent a guard to guard the Guanguan. Liu Bang adopted Zhang Liang's plan, and on the other hand sent a staff to lobby the general to show his good, and sent strange soldiers around the back of the Guanguan to successfully take the Guanguan.
In October 206 BC, Liu Bang settled in Bawang, and Xianyang was close to him. The son of Qin in the city is extremely poor. He has been king Qin for 46 days, and he is facing the misfortune of the country, and becomes the "three no" monarch: no one can use it, no soldiers can fight, no danger can guard. With all his helplessness, he had to tie himself up, take the emperor's jade seal and other articles, and surrender to Liu Bang respectfully.
Qin Dynasty had gone through his short 15 years and quit the stage of history. Two months later, Xiangyu arrived at Xianyang city and adopted fan Zeng's suggestion to set up a Hongmen banquet for Liu Bang. Liu Bang, knowing that his strength is not good, actively exits Xianyang. In this way, Xiang Yu became the Lord of the world for a while. With his absolute superiority, he gave rewards to other forces at any time, and at once he divided more than ten princes in the whole country, and the Chinese land returned to the era of separation and secession.
However, this practice obviously violates the historical trend of going to peace and reunification. Therefore, all forces have started annexation and mixed war again, and finally formed two major military groups, Liu Bang and Xiangyu. During the four years from 206 BC to 202 BC, the two armies engaged in a large-scale political and military confrontation. Finally, Liu Bang won the war and established the Han Dynasty, and implemented a series of measures to conform to the people's hearts. Chinese history has also entered a new era. People can finally stay away from the war, live and enjoy peace.
