The ruling monarch also has succession. There may be blood relationship between monarch and monarch, but they are not necessarily lineal. Some are brothers and some are uncles and nephews. Some were ordered by the king. It is not hereditary to kill the king and seize the throne, to seize the class and power, to seek power and usurp the throne.
Establish
Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties carried out the hereditary system of the throne, which was combined with the patriarchal system. Patriarchal clan system is evolved from patriarchal system at the end of primitive society. It is a power distribution system with the basic characteristics of the eldest son inheritance system. The king is the chief in the world, and his eldest son is zongzi, who is the heir to the throne. The son of a commoner was a small clan, and the king granted him the title of a vassal, or remained in the central government as a minister or a doctor. The princes, officials or scholars were the main members of the branch, and their eldest son was the successor of the post and salary. The common son was a small clan, and then was enfeoffed. This small clan is also a large one in this branch. The deduction is endless. The king is regarded as the son of heaven, who is ordered by heaven to come to the world, so he is called "the son of heaven". This is the concept of "divine conferment of monarchical power", and since then the hereditary system of the throne has been gradually improved.
"Hereditary system" means that after the ancient emperor stepped down, he transferred the emperor's 95% respect to his son. Hereditary system is the inheritance of names, titles and property from generation to generation according to the blood relationship. This inheritance mainly includes the inheritance of "parents" and the inheritance of vassal states. The inheritance of "parents" can also be divided into paternal and matrilineal. The ruling monarch also has succession. There may be blood relationship between the monarch and the monarch, but they are not necessarily lineal. Some are brothers, some are uncles, some are nephews; some are ordered by the king, and some are to seize power and seek power to usurp the throne. Therefore, they are not hereditary.
The hereditary system could not be established after Dayu gave way to the world three times. The "abdication system" ended, and the hereditary system with the establishment of enfeoffment as the basic political system was formally established.
As soon as he gave way to the world, Shang, the son of Shun, was in Yangcheng. All the princes in the world went to the Shang Dynasty and became Yu. Yu was then the son of heaven, facing the world in the south, and the name of the state was named after Xia.
Second, the Emperor Yu established and recommended gaotao, and granted the government, but gaotao died.
Three let the world, and then take advantage of the government. Benefit from the world. Yu ziqixian, what does the world mean. And Yu collapse, although granted benefits, and the princes are to benefit and Chao Qi, said "my Emperor Yu's son also.". From then on, the abdication system of Yao and Shun came to an end, and the hereditary system of the Yellow Emperor was formally established.
It was a system passed down from generation to generation by feudal society, emperors and knights, replacing the original abdication system. The hereditary system of the throne, the hereditary system of the emperor, the feudal lords with the same surname who were enfeoffed in the early Western Han Dynasty, and the vassal system of the Tang Dynasty are all hereditary. There are two ways of hereditary system: father's death and son's succession, brother's death and brother's death.
Brief introduction
Hereditary or hereditary system is a kind of social concept that a certain authoritarian power is kept in a consanguineous family from generation to generation. It can be divided into political hereditary and economic hereditary.
In the early period of human society all over the world, there were hereditary regimes, most of which were feudal hereditary regimes. It is a kind of inheritance system of ancient titles and official positions. In the pre Qin period, China practiced the system of "Shi Qing Shi Lu", from the son of heaven and Fengjun to Gongqing, bureaucrats and scholars. Their titles, feudal capitals and official positions were inherited by father and son. The number of such heritages is theoretically unlimited, until the change of dynasty or the failure of the family occupying the title or official position in the political struggle.
Advantages and disadvantages
It is beneficial to the later political power: it is beneficial to the unification of the country, and it plays an important role in the initial establishment of the territory of the motherland; it is beneficial to the economic development; it establishes the autocratic rule of the landlord class over the broad masses of working people. The influence on later generations: the political system of centralized and autocratic rule established by Qin Dynasty is very innovative, which has laid the basic pattern of China's political system for more than 2000 years, and has been used by successive imperial dynasties, and has been continuously strengthened and improved.
The disadvantages of the hereditary system of the throne: the traditional principle of the hereditary system of the throne in Chinese history can not guarantee the optimization and sublimity of the emperor's quality because of the selection of successors within the narrow hereditary scope. Among the selected emperors, there are many young children, idiots, prodigal sons and fatuous disciples, so it is inevitable that they will bring disaster to the country and the people.
Abdication system and hereditary system
Abdication system: a way of the change of Chinese rulers, which means that the ruling monarch ceded the ruling power to others before he died. Formally, abdication was voluntarily carried out by the reigning monarch in order to let more virtuous people rule the country. Usually, abdication is to transfer power to a different surname, which will lead to the change of Dynasty, which is called "outer Zen"; while abdication to one's blood relatives with the same surname is called "inner Zen", and the abdicator is usually called "supreme emperor", which does not lead to the change of dynasty.
Breaking the previous fuzzy boundaries, the ruler is the ruler, and the ruled is always the ruled. Such a fixed social stratification can promote the development of productive forces. (the ruler thinks about how to rule, and the ruled thinks about how to serve the master and son). For example, the Shang Dynasty created a prosperous bronze civilization, while the abdication of the throne was only in a small primitive society. This is not a strict division of roles, which hinders the development of society with the progress of productive forces. It is better to divide the labor, and the hereditary throne is this kind of division The guarantee of labor.
