<a href= http://guoxue.lishichunqiu.com/shibu/shiji/1138.html target=_ Blank class = infotextkey > Zhang Yi</a>
The young man was so beaten that he was not wronged. He came home and told his wife, "Alas, I can't imagine that he had suffered this misfortune since he first came to the state of Chu While his wife scrubbed his wound, she complained: "it's all your fault to read and lobby, otherwise, how can you bring such suffering." At this time, the young man had unspeakable joys and sorrows, and his mind was confused. The thought that Su Qin, the elder martial brother of the same family, has now become the Prime Minister of Gao Lufeng in the state of Zhao, but he is still poor at home, makes him sad. After thinking about it, I can't bear it. So he opened his mouth and asked his wife, "do you have my tongue?" The wife does not understand its meaning, smiles to say: "the tongue is still in." The young man said happily, "the tongue is still there, that's enough." This person is Zhang Yi. Later, he really relied on this sharp mouth, skillfully applied the technique of vertical and horizontal, and assisted the state of Qin to unify the world.
He was humiliated and went to Qin Dynasty to plot for military affairs
In the 39th year of King Xianwang of Zhou Dynasty (330 BC), Su Qin, a political strategist, went around and finally convinced Yan, Zhao and other six countries to fight against Qin. This year, it happened that the state of Qin sent Daliang Zao Gongsun Yan (named Xishou) to defeat the Wei army in Luoyang and capture Wei general Longjia alive. Su Qin expected that Zhao, as the leader of the alliance against Qin, was bound to be regarded as an eyesore and the primary target of attack. If the state of Qin used military forces against Zhao, it would break up the newly established alliance of nations, and wanted to send people to lobby King Hui of Qin to postpone sending troops. Although the state of Zhao has a lot of literary officials, military generals, counsellors and tourists, Su qinshai came to choose and felt that no one liked it. So he thought of his classmate Zhang Yi. He knew that Zhang Yi was better than a general, so he called his family officials, exhorted them, and sent him.
Su Qin neither went in person nor sent envoys to invite him. Instead, he sent people to disguise themselves and act in secret. The person who sent him approached Zhang Yi and hinted: "at the beginning, Mr. Su Qin had a deep friendship with him. Now Su Qin's official career is prosperous. Why don't you go to see him so as to realize your life dream." Zhang Yizheng, suffering from a lack of talent, decided to go to Su Qin.
Zhang Yi came to the state of Zhao full of hope. The next day he went to see Su Qin, but no one informed him. It was not until the fifth day that the porter gave him a return. The man came back and said, "the prime minister is very busy today. He said please stay and invite you another day." Zhang Yi had to go back to the Inn and wait patiently. Who knows, I have been waiting for several days without any news. Zhang Yi was so angry that she was about to leave. But the shopkeeper said, "didn't you say that the prime minister sent someone to invite you? If he should come to you, where would you like me to go? We dare not let you go! Zhang Yi is in a dilemma, and she is very upset. After a few more days, I finally hope to see Su Qin. Although the previous indifference had made Zhang Yi expect that this interview would not be grand and enthusiastic, the actual situation was worse than he expected. Zhang Yi straightened her clothes, wiped her sleeves and went up the steps. Su Qin sat in the hall and saw Zhang Yi come in. He didn't move. Zhang Yi bowed to Su Qin, but Su Qin said to him slowly, "I haven't seen you for many years. How are you?" Then he pointed to a table below and said, "it's time to have dinner. Please have a light meal here. I have something else to tell you. " Zhang Yi had no choice but to sit down and see in front of her just a little green vegetables and coarse rice. When he looked up, he saw that Su Qin was full of delicacies. He wanted to go away, but he was so hungry that he had to swallow it. But before he had taken a few bites, he heard Su Qin say, "I know you are better than me, but how can you be so poor. I want to recommend you to Zhao Hou. It's not difficult for you to get rich. But But I'm afraid that if you don't have ambition and can't do anything great, it will affect me instead? " After hearing this, Zhang Yi couldn't sit still any more. She was so angry that she said, "Ji Zi! (Su Qin's character) I thought you didn't forget your friend and came to see you from a long distance. I didn't expect that you didn't pay attention to me at all, and didn't even have the friendship of your classmates! You You You're too snobbish! "With that, he left.
Zhang Yi decided to abandon Zhao and go to other countries. Where are you going? Zhang Yi carefully thought about the situation of other countries, other vassals were not enough, but Qin had a bright future. In his view, to go to the state of Qin, one can fight against the state of Zhao at a small level and get rid of his private grievances at that time, while the other can rely on it to achieve his lifelong political ambition. So he decided to go west into Qin Dynasty and went to King Hui of Qin Dynasty.
On the way to the west, Zhang Yi was so shy that she wanted to go to the state of Qin and meet the king of Qin. However, Zhang Yi's fortune turned around. As soon as she set foot on the journey, she met a kind-hearted man who knew the hero with good eyes. It can be seen that this kind-hearted man was a rich man with rich family assets, but he treated Zhang Yi like a loyal slave to a noble master, accompanied him to stay with him, paid all the expenses on his behalf, and made him go to the state of Qin smoothly. If you want to see the king of Qin, you must be introduced. However, Zhang Yi did not have the resources to be used as a stepping stone. As a result, this kind-hearted man, who made Zhang Yi grateful, once again gave generously, spared no expense in gold and silver, and helped him frequent activities inside and outside the imperial court. Finally, the gold and silver treasures of the kind-hearted man paved the way for him to the palace of the king of Qin.
In the 40th year of King Xian of Zhou Dynasty (329 BC), Zhang Yi met King Hui of Qin Dynasty. King Hui of Qin regretted losing Su Qin. Seeing Zhang Yi's eloquence and resourcefulness, he immediately worshipped him as guest minister (the official was in the position of guest minister and treated him with courtesy) and participated in the planning of military affairs.
Zhang Yi's heart was filled with joy when she finally got what she wanted. He was thinking about how to reward the kind-hearted man who paved the way for him, but he wanted to leave. Zhang Yi is very puzzled, asked: "I rely on Mr. to be in a prominent position, now just to repay virtue, why do you want to leave in a hurry?" That humanity: "this grace this virtue, pure department Su Jun bestows." Then, Su Qin's intention is conveyed one by one. After hearing this, Zhang Yi was both grateful and ashamed. She sighed, "I'm in the trap of others, but I don't realize it. I'm not as clear as Su Qin. What's more, I've just arrived in Yidu. How can I attack the state of Zhao? Please thank Su Jun for me. When he uses things, I'll never rush to make suggestions. "
Wei Ji, a figure of body decoration
One year after Zhang Yi entered the Qin Dynasty, that is, in the 41st year of King Xian of Zhou Dynasty (328 BC), King Hui of Qin ordered Zhang Yi and his son Hua to lead the army to attack the Wei state and defeat the Wei army. However, the military victory did not make king Hui forget himself. He was deeply disturbed by the threat to the alliance of the six kingdoms and dreamed of breaking up the alliance.
One day, King Hui of Qin asked his ministers about the plan to break up the alliance. A minister immediately remonstrated: "the alliance started with the state of Zhao. The king should attack the state of Zhao first. We'll fight whoever saves Zhao. All the princes of the six states were afraid of Qin state. I'm afraid that they would not go to rescue Zhao state. In this way, the six nation alliance will naturally break up. "
All the ministers agreed. As long as king Hui of Qin nodded, the state of Zhao would be at war.
"I don't think we can do that." Zhang Yi quickly stood up against it. He had expected that all the ministers of the state of Qin would put forward this proposal, and of course he was ready to fight against it. He said: "the six countries have just entered into an alliance and there is no gap between them. How can they break up by force? Today, the territory of the princes is five times that of the Qin Dynasty, and the troops of the princes are ten times that of the Qin Dynasty. If we attack the state of Zhao, and Han, Chu, Wei, Qi and Yan join forces to attack us, we will be outnumbered, and the consequences will be unimaginable. "
King Hui of Qin was also worried about this situation. He asked, "in your opinion?" Zhang Yi said with confidence: "it's better to dismantle hard than soft. In my opinion, there is no need to fight, just try to make them suspect each other and break up their alliance. The nearest is the state of Wei, and the farthest is the state of Yan. We might as well start from this far and near. Let's return some of the cities we took from the state of Wei to him. The state of Wei will be grateful to the king. In addition, as long as the king betrothed his daughter to the crown prince of Yan, he became related to Yan. In this way, the state of Qin will no longer be isolated, and the six countries will be wary of each other, and the alliance will collapse. " Then, Zhang Yi put forward a general strategic policy: alternately using offensive and political soft tactics to concentrate on attacking neighboring Wei and South Korea.
Wang Hui felt that his words were reasonable, so he acted according to Zhang Yi's plan. Soon after that, the state of Qin took the initiative to return Zhanjiao and Quwo to Wei, and sent you to pledge to Wei to seek reconciliation.
This hit and pull made the state of Wei happy and afraid. Taking advantage of this opportunity, Zhang Yi went into his country again and lobbied the king of Wei Hui, saying: "the state of Qin is so generous to the state of Wei, but the state of Wei can't be impolite!" the king of Wei was terrified by the powerful military force of the state of Qin, and thanks the state of Qin for returning the land and the envoys. He even went into the urn and offered 15 counties of Shangjun and Shaoliang (now northeast Shaanxi) to the king of Qin to thank him.
All of them occupied the land of Hexi, which made the state of Qin in a very advantageous position in strategy. It has no strong enemy in the West and North, Qinling Mountains in the south, which separates it from Bashu and Chu, and the Yellow River and Hangu pass in the East, which can exclude the vassal states. Zhang Yi's action not only helped Zhao state, but also broke up the alliance, which made Qin state gain both fame and wealth, gained more land from other countries, and gained a good reputation of good neighborliness and friendship. In the same year, King Hui of Qin set up the position of prime minister, which was assumed by Zhang Yi. In this way, in a short period of more than one year, Zhang Yi became famous. With her excellent eloquence and resourcefulness, she became the first prime minister in the history of Qin.
In the 44th year of King Xian of Zhou Dynasty (325 BC), he personally led the army to capture the Wei state of Shaanxi, but returned the local people to Wei, which was also a strategy of fighting and pulling.
Two years later, in the 46th year of King Xian of Zhou Dynasty (323 BC), Zhang Yi suggested that the state of Qin should adopt the "Lianheng" strategy in view of Wei's efforts to win over Qi's action against Qin. Therefore, Zhang Yi personally met with the ministers of Qi and Chu in Sangdi, made friends with them, and forced them to submit to Qin. But his strategy was discovered by Gongsun Yan, who entered Wei Dynasty from Qin Dynasty. Gongsun Yan launched the movement of Han, Wei, Zhao, Yan, Zhongshan and other five countries to be king together, namely the so-called "king of five countries", that is, to form an alliance against Qin, Qi and Chu. However, because the rulers of these five countries had different ideas and split up, there was no real alliance at all. In that year, the state of Chu sent troops to defeat the state of Wei in Xiangling and captured eight cities of Wei.
When Zhang Yi saw that there was an opportunity to take advantage of it, she planned carefully with King Hui of Qin, took the initiative to leave the prime minister's post, and secretly went to the state of Wei for activities. It is intended to break up the plan of the feudal lords in Guandong and persuade the state of Wei to be the leader of Qin Lianheng.
At the time of internal and external troubles, when Zhang Yi arrived, King Hui of Wei took him as the Savior of turning the world around and worshipped him as the Prime Minister of Wei. Zhang Yi had a good understanding of the general situation of the world and the internal affairs of the state of Wei. With his sharp tongue, he launched a fierce offensive against King Hui of Wei.
First of all, he talked about the fact that Wei had few generals, no dangerous land to help, and suffered from the enemy on all sides. He could neither fight nor defend.
Secondly, he analyzed that he Zong's resistance to Qin Dynasty was to make a cake to satisfy his hunger, which was difficult to achieve. He said: "there are people fighting for money between brothers, but the monarchs of the six countries have to rely on Su Qin's deceptive strategy, which is really difficult to achieve. It's obvious. "
Third, he talked about the harm of back Qin: "the king is not good at the state of Qin. If the king of Qin orders to attack Heshi (the Hexi area of the state of Wei), occupy Juan, Yan, suanzi and other places, and rob Yang and Jin, then the state of Zhao can't go south. If Zhao can't go south, Wei can't go north. If Wei can't go north, he Zong will be blocked. Once the alliance is blocked, the king's country will be in danger. Qin took advantage of South Korea and attacked Wei. South Korea was afraid of Qin. Qin and South Korea United as one, and Wei's power soon perished. That's why I'm worried about the king! "
Fourth, he talked about the benefits of connecting with Qin: "based on the above reasons, for the king's consideration, it is better for the state of Wei to make friends with the state of Qin. If the king and Qin make good friends, then Chu and South Korea will not dare to act rashly; without the worries of Chu and South Korea, the king can rest assured and do not have to worry about the safety of the country. What's more, the state of Chu was the one that Qin wanted to weaken, while Wei was the only one that could weaken Chu. Although the state of Chu has the name of being rich, powerful and vast, it is actually very empty; although there are many soldiers in the state of Chu, they are vulnerable. Mobilizing all the troops of Wei state to attack Chu state is sure to win a complete victory. Breaking up diplomatic relations with the state of Chu is beneficial to the state of Wei, weakening the state of Chu and catering to the state of Qin. It can not only bring disaster back to Chu, but also stabilize the state. This is a great good thing. If you don't listen to my advice, it will be too late when the Qin troops invade the Wei kingdom. "
Zhang Yi's words sometimes contain pearls, sometimes exaggerate and intimidate. It's hard to tell the truth from the truth, and he is dubious and hesitant. For several years, Wei's foreign policy has been indecisive. This provided time for the development of Qin State and its separate attack on the vassals of Kanto.
In the second year of King Zhou Shenliang (319 BC), with the continuous expansion of the power of the state of Qin, Zhang Yi's face as a spy of the state of Qin was exposed. The state of Wei expelled Zhang Yi and worshipped Gongsun Yan as prime minister. Zhang Yi lived up to her mission and returned to the state of Qin. In the second year, Gongsun Yan united with Zhao, Han, Qi, Yan and Chu to fight against Qin, and elected king Huai of Chu as the commander. This is the second large-scale joint vertical activity of the six countries. However, due to the different interests of different countries, their attitudes were also different: Chu and Yan were not enthusiastic about this move and refused to send troops to fight against Qin; Qi looked at the fire from the other side of the river and took advantage of the fishermen. Only Wei, Han and Zhao, due to their close relationship in history and geography, sent troops to fight with Qin. As a result, the Qin army defeated the Allied forces of the three countries in the first battle of Hanguguan. Then, the state of Qin sent "think tank" Chuli Ji to attack Wei, Han and Zhao, defeated the Allied forces in Xiuyu (now southwest Yuanyang of Henan Province), captured Han General Shen Chai, beheaded 80000 people, and the clamour of "five countries attacking Qin" ended in failure.
Fengyi six Li Qi Chu Cheng Qiu
In the seventh year of King Zhou Shenliang (314 BC), the Qin army attacked Zhao, Wei and South Korea. He successively captured the central capital and Xiyang of Zhao state and Quwo and Jiao of Wei state. Then they attacked South Korea on a large scale, defeated the South Korean army and beheaded more than 10000 people. So far, Wei and South Korea, the main targets of the Qin state, have become discouraged. Han xuanhui sent Prince Cang's people Qin as a pledge, begging to make friends with the big country; Wei Xiang also succumbed to the request of Qin, and established Prince politics as the prince. The two countries have also been interfered in their positions as crown princes, and their political independence is obviously under serious threat.
With the victory of Qin's military struggle, Zhang Yi was able to maneuver in diplomacy.
After Wei and Han were neighboring in the East, the state of Qin made great strides to the East. At that time, besides Qin, Qi and Chu were also big countries. In order to prevent the annexation of Qin, Qi and Chu entered into an alliance against Qin. It is obvious that breaking up the alliance is the top priority of Qin. For this reason, Zhang Yi did the same thing again, and suggested that the king of Qin remove his prime minister, and that the king of Qin Hui remove Zhang Yi according to the plan. As a result, Zhang Yi pretended to be aggrieved and ran to the state of Chu in the second year of King Nan of Zhou Dynasty (313 BC).
At that time, although Chu had a large territory and a large number of soldiers, it was large but not solid. Especially in politics, it was extremely corrupt and the conservative forces were intertwined. Zhang Yi had already realized the weakness of Chu. As soon as he came to the state of Chu, he bribed Jin Shang with great wealth and gifts to make him grateful to himself. Jin Shang was naturally willing to serve, and he recommended Zhang Yi to King Huai of Chu. When King Huai of Chu heard that Zhang Yi was famous and had great strategy, he placed him in a high-level library. He asked humbly, "what's your opinion on humiliating my country?" Zhang Yi first expressed her deep gratitude to King Huai of Chu for his feelings, and then complimented him for his magnanimity. Then she said with great regret, "the king of Qin sent me here to repair with your country. It's a pity that I'm late. " King Huai of Chu was afraid of the state of Qin. He never thought that the king of Qin would send messengers to repair it. He was so surprised that he asked, "Why are you late?" Zhang Yi sighed: "the king has already formed an alliance with the king of Qi?" The king of Chu was stunned, pondered for a long time, and said: "the reason why Chu and Qi formed an alliance is just to prevent being attacked. Don't you think there is such a danger? " "Of course, this danger exists, and it is even greater because of the alliance between Chu and Qi. Obviously, the Qi Chu alliance was used to deal with Qin. The king of Qin originally wanted to make friends with the princes of the world, but once someone deliberately wanted to be an enemy to the king of Qin, he would not take it lightly. "
Seeing that King Huai of Chu was suspicious, Zhang Yi continued: "the king of Qi has always been ambitious and wants to compete with the king of Qin. His alliance with the king is just to take advantage of the king. Imagine, if Qin and Chu were at war, would Qi come to the rescue at the expense of its troops? Definitely not. The king of Qi wished that Qin and Chu were both defeated. He was willing to reap profits and seek hegemony. Please think about it. What will the state of Chu be like at that time? " King Huai of Chu couldn't make up his mind for a moment. He asked tentatively, "in your opinion?"
Zhang Yi said: "in fact, the king of Qin and I like the king of Chu the most and hate the king of Qi the most. If the king can shut up the whole kingdom and abolish the treaty, I would like to ask the king of Qin to offer 600 li of Shangyu to the state of Chu, and make the daughter of Qin the concubine of the king. Qin and Chu married women and became brothers. In this way, the state of Chu weakens the state of Qi in the north and strengthens the state of Qin in the West As soon as the greedy king of Chu Huai heard this, he immediately beamed. He was afraid that the night would be long and the dream would be long. He immediately decided: "OK, I'll do it according to your opinion!"
There were many mediocre officials in Chu state who came forward to congratulate the king of Chu. Only Chen Fu, a counsellor, was worried. He urged King Huai of Chu to say: "the reason why the state of Qin valued the state of Chu now is that the state of Qi was the foreign aid. If they shut up and shut down, Chu would be isolated. How could Qin love Chu and give it business. Once Zhang Yi cheated Chu, the king would once again blame Qin. This will create two enemies in one fell swoop, and the consequences will be unimaginable. According to the minister's opinion, it's better to break off diplomatic relations with Qi and cooperate secretly. At the same time, send someone to Qin with Zhang Yi immediately. If the state of Qin really handed over the land of business to us, it would not be too late to completely break off relations with the state of Qi at that time. If it was a fraud, we would be prepared. "
King Huai of Chu, who was blinded by profits, was impatient for a long time. He flatly said, "please don't say any more, just wait for me to get 600 li of land in the area of Shangyu." Chen Hu had no choice but to sigh in silence.
King Huai of Chu was afraid that Zhang Yi might have doubts, so he lost such a golden opportunity. So he gave Zhang Yi a rich gift and gave the seal of Chu to this uninvited guest. And immediately announced the abolition of the covenant with Qi, cut off contacts. Then he sent General Feng Chou Fu to Qin with Zhang Yi to ask for land.
Zhang Yi returned to the state of Qin and pretended to fall into the car, hurt her foot and stay ill. After waiting for three months, Feng Chou's father still didn't get the land. Therefore, every ugly father wrote to the king of Qin to declare the former agreement. The king of Qin said, "if there is a preface, it is necessary to wait until Qi and Chu break off their friendship before they can practice the agreement." Every ugly father had no choice but to send someone to convey the news to King Huai of Chu. King Huai was afraid that Qi would not be so deep, which made the state of Qin dissatisfied. So he chose a brave man, holding the Fu of Chu state, and rushed to the state of Qi to insult the king of Qi.
When King Xuan of Qi saw that King Huai of Chu was so treacherous, and sent someone to scold him, he couldn't help being extremely angry. So he decided to retaliate against the state of Chu. However, King Xuan of Qi was very clear that the strength of Qi alone was not enough to defeat Chu. Although King Xuan of Qi was very reluctant to make an alliance with the state of Qin, he could only take this road at present. He wanted to take the lead in making friends with the state of Qin, and asked the state of Qin to attack the state of Chu together.
When Zhang Yi saw that the work had been completed, she went to the court as a council member and said to her anxious father, "Why are you still here and not going to get the land?" Every ugly father is puzzled: "where is the earth?" Zhang Yi pretended to be surprised and said, "I have Fengyi 6 Li. Didn't I promise to dedicate it to the king of Chu?" When ugly father heard of it, he was shocked and his feelings were not good, but he still argued: "I came to take over 600 li of Shangyu under the order of the king of Chu. This is your personal promise to the king of Chu. How can it be turned into 6 li of Fengyi in just three months?"
Zhang Yi said with a smile: "that must be your king of Chu heard wrong. I'm talking about my fiefdom six miles. The land of the king of Qin, let alone 600 Li, is 60 Li. I have no right to give it to others! "
At this time, the ugly father knew that he had been cheated, but he had no choice but to return to the king of Chu. King Huai of Chu is infatuated with the dream of expanding his territory by 600 Li. Hearing that his father fengchou came back empty handed and told the whole story in detail, he was furious that he would not be able to break Zhang Yi's body and level the state of Qin. In his fury, he lost his mind and could not listen to Chen Fu's remonstrance. He ordered general Qu Ju to lead 100000 troops to launch a massive attack on the state of Qin. In the third year of King Nan of Zhou Dynasty (312 BC), Chu and Qin fought in Danyang. As soon as Chu and Qin were at war, Qi launched a fierce attack on Chu from its flank. Qin and Qi were attacked on both sides, Chu was attacked on both sides, more than 80000 people were killed and wounded, and Chu general Qu Ju was captured. Qin also seized Danyang, Hanzhong and other places. King Huai was ashamed and annoyed. He took the Imperial Army and fought back in Lantian, but he was defeated again. At this time, South Korea and Wei also took advantage of the fire and attacked Chu. The state of Chu was unable to fight any more, so it had to compromise with the state of Qin by ceding the two cities.
The alliance of Qi and Chu, which worried the king of Qin, did not give up his efforts. With Zhang Yi's one-man mission to Chu, it collapsed and killed each other. Qin also seized the land of Chu.
If you bully the state of Chu again, you'll get even
Qi and Chu turned into enemies, which greatly damaged the vitality of Chu and encouraged Qin's ambition to conquer the world. In the fourth year of King Nan of Zhou Dynasty (311 BC), in order to carry out the Lianheng strategy, Zhang Yi suggested that King Hui of Qin should take the initiative to cede half of Hanzhong county to Chu, in order to return to the alliance between the two countries. However, King Huai of Chu didn't want to accept the land, but he was willing to give birth to Zhang Yi to vent his past hatred. This made king Hui of Qin feel a bit embarrassed. Who knows, after hearing this news, Zhang Yi volunteered and gladly asked for her order.
As soon as king Huai of Chu saw Zhang Yi, he was so angry that he immediately beat him to death and executed him on a certain day. He wanted to humiliate himself and kill him.
All as early as Zhang Yi expected. He asked people to find Jin Shang, a doctor of Chu, who had already been bribed, and give him a clever plan. Jin Shang first saw King Huai of Chu and said, "the king arrested Zhang Yi. Once he offended the king of Qin and lost the favor of his allies, the world would despise the king. May the king think twice and think again. " King Huai hesitated when he heard the speech. Jin Shang hurriedly went to see Zheng Xiu again and said, "the king of Qin loves Zhang Yi so much that he plans to redeem him with the land of six counties and gorgeous women. The king of Chu attached great importance to land, so he was bound to favor Qin women. At that time, I'm afraid the position of madam's special favor will be in danger. For the sake of today's plan, it's better to persuade the king to let Zhang Yi go. " Zheng Xiu, who was involved in his personal interests, went to the king of Chu in a hurry to plead with him. Day and night, he acted in a coquettish manner and played with his tongue. He said, "every man and minister is his own master. If the king killed Zhang Yi, Qin would be angry and attack Chu. Don't we lose more than we gain? " However, the king of Chu remained indifferent. After repeated persuasions, Zheng Xiu finally threatened to leave the king and said, "the king of Qin will surely send a large army to attack Chu. I asked my mother and son to move to the south of the Yangtze River to avoid making fish on the anvil of the state of Qin. " After that, I cried bitterly. The king of Chu couldn't resist the women's entanglement in every way. After careful consideration, he wanted to kill Zhang Yi just to relieve his hatred. For example, he was greedy for a moment's pleasure and led to the war between Qin and Chu. Therefore, King Huai ordered Zhang Yi to be pardoned, and then treated Zhang Yi with the same courtesy as last time.
Zhang Yi took the opportunity to talk about King Huai of Chu. He said: "to advocate cooperation is like driving sheep to attack tigers. It is very obvious that the two are not against each other. Now the king does not make friends with Qin, and the state of Qin robs han to attack Chu, which means Chu will be in danger. Qin congba, Shu ship transport millet, floating down the Minjiang River, not 10 days to reach the western border of Chu ChaGuan. When they heard of the police, the eastern part of Chu had to surrender the city, and Qianzhong and Wujun could not be owned by the king. When Qin jubing went out of Wuguan, the northern territory of Chu was isolated. Qin conquered Chu in three months, but the princes saved Chu in more than half a year. I am most worried about looking forward to the rescue of the weak country and forgetting the harm of the strong Qin. If you can listen to my foolish plan, I can make the leaders of Qin and Chu brothers and not attack each other. " King Huai of Chu was very happy to hear that, and he was frightened by the previous defeat. Finally, he accepted Zhang Yi's suggestion and deviated from hezong. In order to be friendly to Qin, he also promised not to have Hanzhong land.
Zhang Yi took the risk, not only failed to fulfill the mission of the king of Qin, but also saved himself from danger, which fully showed his superhuman courage and excellent wisdom and eloquence.
After returning from the state of Chu, Zhang Yi went to Korea by the way. Because he knew the key points of different countries well, he could also skillfully use coercion and inducement. He said to Han Wang: "South Korea has a small territory and few people. Qin has a large territory and many people. If both sides fight, Han is not Qin's opponent after all. Therefore, only by establishing a friendly alliance can South Korea and China be free from the attack of Qin and Chu. " Seeing that Han Wang Mo was silent, he continued: "the goal of the state of Qin is to weaken the state of Chu, and only South Korea can destroy the state of Chu. This does not mean that South Korea is stronger than the state of Chu, but its geographical position is superior. The king of Qin will be happy as long as he deals with Qin in the West and attacks Chu. In this way, South Korea can get land, and the resentment of Chu is concentrated on Qin. " Han Xiangwang felt that Zhang Yi's words were reasonable, and he was terrified by the powerful military power of Qin state. He only listened to Zhang Yi's suggestions.
Zhang Yi returned to King Hui of Qin. King Hui of Qin was very happy to see that Zhang Yi had made Chu give up her land and joined with him, and at the same time had won over Korea. In recognition of Zhang Yi's achievements, he was granted land in five counties and was granted the title of "Wu Xinjun". Later, Zhang Yi talked about the king of Qi in the East, the king of Zhao in the West and the king of Yan in the north. In this way, Zhang Yi with his eloquence, after lobbying the eastern countries, made them suspect each other, intrigued each other, and were friendly with the state of Qin, so that the state of Qin achieved the purpose of manipulating the six countries. So far, Zhang Yi's Lianheng strategy has achieved remarkable results.
Skillful use of chain to avoid disaster in Wei Dynasty
In the fourth year of King Nan of Zhou Dynasty (311 BC), when Zhang Yi lobbied the eastern countries to succeed and happily returned to Qin Dynasty, an unfortunate event happened - the death of King Hui of Qin Dynasty. Zhang Yi suddenly like cold water, extremely depressed. He knew that the succeeding king of Wu hated himself when he was the crown prince. The officials in the court were very jealous when they saw that he had been greatly favored by King Hui. Now that the succeeding king of Wu is going to be more or less unlucky. Sure enough, as soon as Zhang Yi returned to Xianyang, the capital of Qin, he became the target of public criticism. The officials took the opportunity to slander one after another, saying: "Zhang Yi is a man without faith, and betrays his country to gain tolerance. If you still use him, I'm afraid you'll be ridiculed by the whole world. " When the princes heard that Zhang Yi was not at peace with King Wu, they all felt that Lian Heng's Pro Qin move had a bleak future. They all betrayed Lian Heng's agreement and carried out joint diplomacy one after another.
The officials of the Qin State took the opportunity to slander Zhang Yi, blaming Zhang Yi for his actions. At this time, the state of Qi came to blame Zhang Yi. Internal attack and external disturbance, pressing step by step, has the tendency of not killing Zhang Yi. Zhang Yi is in a precarious situation. Zhang Yi lost her political support. Facing the current precarious situation, she saw that the state of Qin was not suitable to stay for a long time. If she didn't know the difficulties, she would be killed sooner or later. So, he thought about it and came up with a plan. He said to King Wu of Qin, "king, recently, all countries in the East have been friendly and have no war. In Yichen's opinion, this is very disadvantageous to the state of Qin. Because only when the eastern countries meet with each other and keep fighting, can the state of Qin seize the opportunity to cut more land. "
Since King Wu of Qin Dynasty succeeded to the throne, he wanted to expand his territory to show his great achievements, but he had no feasible good strategy. Seeing Zhang Yi's mention, I knew that he had plans. Suddenly, I was interested and asked, "what's your opinion?"
Zhang Yi said: "I heard that the king of Qi hated Zhang Yi the most. Where Zhang Yi is, the king of Qi will launch an army to attack him. Therefore, I would like to go to the state of Wei with an unworthy body, and Qi would set up an army to defeat Wei. Once there was a war between Qi and Wei, the king could take the opportunity to attack Korea and enter Sanchuan. Instead of attacking other countries, he would only press into zhoujing, and the sacrificial utensils of the Zhou Dynasty would be handed over to the king. At that time, the king will be able to take advantage of the emperor to make the princes become the king's business! "
The king of Qin believed that it was true and was overjoyed. He immediately agreed, and sent 30 military vehicles to send Zhang Yi to the state of Wei. Zhang Yi, holding the Fu Jie of the king of Qin, swept away her recent depression and became a little complacent. Zhang Yi is not a complacent person. It's just an affectation to cover up her inner depression.
As soon as Zhang Yi arrived in the state of Wei, the state of Qi set up an army to attack Wei. King Xiang of Wei was in a state of panic. He felt that Zhang Yi had made the state of Wei suffer for no reason. It was not worth it. Zhang Yi intentionally left Wei to return to Qin, but he found it hard to say this. At the moment of great anxiety and dilemma, Zhang Yi came uninvited to the king of Wei and said, "king, I'm afraid you are worried about the move of Qi? Don't worry about your king. You don't need two soldiers. I'll let Qi strike immediately. " The king of Wei was suspicious. Seeing that Zhang Yi was so confident and so secretive about the plan of withdrawing troops, although he was nervous, he just didn't want to ask deeply. He said, "it's Mr. Quan Zhan who withdrew Qi's army."
It turned out that Zhang Yi had already sent his family minister Feng Xi. Let him go to the state of Chu first. When the state of Qi sent troops to Wei, Feng Xi appeared in front of the king of Qi as an envoy of the state of Chu.
Feng Xi said to the king of Qi, "as far as I know, the king hates Zhang Yi very much. But the king attacked the state of Wei because he was in the state of Wei. I'm afraid he saved Zhang Yi instead. " The king of Qi was puzzled and asked why. Feng Xi told Zhang Yi what he had planned with the king of Qin, and then said, "now that Zhang Yi is in Wei, the king of Qi immediately sends troops to attack Wei. This is the king's internal aggression against the state of Qi and external attack on the allies, and makes the king of Qin believe in Zhang Yi's plan. Isn't this helping Zhang Yi?" The king of Qi thought his words were reasonable and sighed in his heart, "Zhang Yi, Zhang Yi, I almost fell into your treachery again!" so he went away.
When the king of Wei suddenly heard that the Qi State had stopped fighting, he withdrew his troops by himself. Of course, he was so surprised that he became more and more fond of Zhang Yi. He even served as prime minister. However, Zhang Yi was the Prime Minister of Wei for only one year, and died in the state of Wei in the sixth year of King Nan of Zhou Dynasty (309 BC). So far, the history of Zhang Yi, a generation of political strategist, has come to an end.
As a matter of fact, Zhang Yi was only seeking for her own survival in Wei, where the national fortune was in danger. She would never be able to help the rise and fall of Wei. This is the end of his political and diplomatic career.
"Zhang Yi, with her superb wisdom and eloquence, disintegrated the six countries' collusion created by Su Qin. "Mencius Teng Wen Gong Xia" Jing chunri: "Gongsun Yan and Zhang Yi are not sincere husbands! When you are angry, the princes will be afraid. When you live in peace, the world will die out. " From this we can see the great influence of Zhang Yi at that time. After Zhang Yi's death, although the six countries deviated from Lianheng and returned to lianzong again, they could not be sustained and consolidated. Lianheng, created by Zhang Yi, became the basic strategy of Qin Dynasty to destroy the six states and unify the world.
